Researchers at Concordia University have unveiled a new, sustainable energy source that could power small Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
This technology harnesses the power of algae to create a micro-photosynthetic power cell, a small device capable of generating electricity through photosynthesis and respiration (via TechXplore).
What is a Micro-Photosynthetic Power Cell?
A micro-photosynthetic power cell (µPSC) is a miniature power cell that leverages living photosynthetic organisms like algae to produce energy. These cells utilize the natural processes of photosynthesis, where algae convert sunlight into energy, and respiration, where they consume oxygen. According to the US Energy Department, over 100,000 algae species capable of converting sunlight into energy.
The result is a green and sustainable energy source that not only generates electricity but also absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, making it a carbon-negative technology.
The primary objective of the study conducted by the Optical-Bio Microsystems Lab at Concordia University was to enhance the understanding and efficiency of micro-photosynthetic power cells for real-world applications.
The research team aimed to develop and validate a theoretical model that predicts the performance of these power cells under various configurations and conditions.
People walk on Grandville beach covered with toxic green algae, in Hillion, near Saint-Brieuc, northwestern France, on July 10, 2019. Fifty years after their appearance, green algae still arouse anger and associations call for more restrictive measures. Photo by LOIC VENANCE/AFP via Getty Images
Algae Energy: Important Findings
The researchers created a bio-inspired electrical model of micro-photosynthetic power cell arrays to predict their electrical behavior. This model was then tested with actual µPSC arrays to ensure its accuracy.
By comparing the model's predictions for current-voltage (I-V) and current-power (I-P) characteristics with experimental results, the team could validate the model's effectiveness.
The study found that connecting micro-photosynthetic power cells in both series and parallel configurations is the most efficient way to achieve the desired voltage and current levels. This setup ensures that the power cells can effectively power low and ultra-low power devices, such as IoT sensors and small electronic gadgets.
With a deeper understanding and validated models, researchers can now design micro-photosynthetic power cell arrays that reliably power small devices in real time. This advancement is particularly significant for applications like environmental monitoring and wearable electronics.
Zero-Emission Technology
Micro-photosynthetic power cells are comprised of two chambers, one containing algae in solution (anode) and the other containing potassium ferricyanide (cathode), separated by a membrane.
Photosynthesis within the algae generates electrons that flow across the membrane, producing an electrical current. Interestingly, this current production persists even in low-light conditions.
According to Dr. Kirankumar Kuruvinashetti, this technology is not only zero-emission but actively removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, producing water as the sole byproduct.
Currently, individual micro-photosynthetic power cells produce a maximum voltage of 1.0V. However, Professor Muthukumaran Packirisamy envisions a future where this technology evolves into a practical, economical, and clean energy source through research and AI-driven advancements.
He emphasizes the eco-friendly nature of these cells, highlighting the use of biocompatible polymers and the absence of harmful substances often used in traditional photovoltaic cell manufacturing. This makes them easily decomposable and cost-effective to produce.
