New research has unveiled the extensive integration of artificial intelligence (AI) across various projects and initiatives within Canada's federal government.
With close to 300 AI-driven endeavors identified, this research sheds light on the diverse applications of AI technology in governmental operations, ranging from predicting tax case outcomes to enhancing diversity in hiring practices.
Unveiling the Scope of AI Integration
Associate Professor Joanna Redden from Western University spearheaded the compilation of this comprehensive database, drawing from a multitude of sources including news reports, parliamentary documents, and access-to-information requests.
According to Global News Canada, the findings highlight a significant reliance on AI-powered tools, with federal government agencies accounting for 95% of the 303 automated systems cataloged.
"That piece of legislation is not going to apply to, for the most part, government uses of AI. So the sheer number of applications that we've identified demonstrates what a problem that is," Redden said.
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Challenges and Implications for Policy
Despite Canada's AI advantage, Redden underscores the critical need for public discourse and transparency surrounding the implementation of AI applications.
The findings cast a spotlight on the inadequacies of current regulatory frameworks, particularly in light of the proposed Artificial Intelligence and Data Act.
While Bill C-27 aims to introduce new obligations for high-impact AI systems, such as those employed in employment contexts, it falls short in addressing the broader spectrum of AI applications across government agencies.
Exploring AI Applications Across Government Sectors
The research unveils a myriad of AI applications spanning various government departments and agencies. From employment initiatives within the Department of National Defense to immigration processing at Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada, AI tools are being leveraged to streamline operations and enhance decision-making processes.
What Are Some Concerns in AI Usage
While AI promises to make governmental operations more efficient, concerns surrounding privacy, security, and ethics are still present.
The integration of facial recognition technology by agencies such as the RCMP and the Canada Border Services Agency raises pertinent questions regarding data privacy and the potential for misuse. Moreover, the discontinuation of certain AI projects, such as the Public Health Agency of Canada's social media analysis for suicide prevention, highlights the need for rigorous evaluation and accountability mechanisms.
The Imperative for Transparency and Accountability
In light of the pervasive use of AI across government bodies, there is a pressing need for enhanced transparency and accountability measures. While the government has outlined directives for algorithmic impact assessments in cases of significant impact on individuals or businesses, the limited visibility into AI systems' deployment and performance poses challenges for external oversight and strict observation.
With its vision set on improving research and regulation with AI, Canada is headed toward an AI-centric industry with its upcoming $2.4 billion federal funding.
