In a recent study, researchers uncovered a concerning discovery: microplastics, or tiny particles of plastic waste, were found in every single human placenta tested.
This finding emphasizes the prevalence of plastic pollution and its infiltration into the human body.
Microplastics Found in Every Placenta Tested
The study examined 62 placenta samples and found microplastics at concentrations ranging from 6.5 to 685 micrograms per gram of tissue. These microscopic particles, which ranged in size from 100 nanometers to 5 millimeters, were discovered to be primarily made of polyethylene, the most commonly produced plastic worldwide.
"The factors that drive such extreme concentration ranges are not known, nor is it apparent if such concentrations contribute negatively to growth and development of the placenta or fetus, or other maternal health consequences," the study's authors wrote.
The incidence of plastic contamination in human placentas has been increasing in recent years. Earlier research, dating back over three years, discovered microplastics in four different human placentas. Since then, subsequent studies have revealed an alarming increase in plastic pollution, with 17 of 30 placentas analyzed at the beginning of 2023 containing plastic waste.
According to the study, it is important to note that the placenta receives relatively high blood flow and absorbs a large amount of nutrients from maternal blood, potentially making it more exposed.
However, the extent to which nano- and microplastic pollution can be carried across the complex placental barrier, either passively or actively, requires further investigation.
Researchers used a novel high-resolution technique to scan for plastics in human blood and tissue, yielding valuable information about the specific types of plastic present. They also emphasize the need for better detection methods in order to accurately quantify microplastic pollution and assess its impact on human health.
Humans are primarily exposed to microplastics via inhalation, but it can also be through food and beverages. Another study found that adults consume up to 121,000 microplastic particles per year through air, food, and beverages.
The Health Risks of Microplastic Exposure
While the health consequences of microplastic exposure are still being investigated, preliminary research suggests immune effects and disruption of fetal brain development. Furthermore, microplastics can contain bacteria and pathogens, raising additional concerns about human health.
Nevertheless, microplastic chemical additives pose known risks to human health. BPA, a hormone-disrupting additive, has been linked to chronic illnesses like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
In addition to human placentas, microplastics have been discovered in a variety of other environments, including marine habitats and even in untouched regions.
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