Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed a novel vibrating capsule that could revolutionize weight management.
Drawing inspiration from the concept of drinking a glass of water before meals to induce a feeling of fullness, MIT's vibrating capsule aims to trigger similar signals in the brain, according to TechCrunch.
MIT's innovative pill, about the size of a standard multivitamin, demonstrated laboratory success, reducing test animals' food consumption by approximately 40% when administered 20 minutes before a meal.
How does it work?
The vibrating capsule functions by stimulating mechanoreceptors, sending signals to the brain through the vagus cranial nerve. This activation prompts the production of insulin, GLP-1, C-peptide, and PYY hormones, effectively decreasing hunger while enhancing the digestion process.
Associate Professor Giovanni Traverso emphasizes the profound behavioral change achieved by utilizing the body's endogenous system, highlighting the potential to overcome challenges and costs associated with biological drug delivery.
The acidic environment of the stomach causes the capsule, which houses a silver oxide battery-powered vibrating motor, to dissolve, completing the circuit and starting vibrations.
While the current version vibrates for approximately 30 minutes in the stomach, the researchers plan to explore extended durations with wireless on-off capabilities. In animal studies, the capsules were safely passed through the digestive tract within four to five days.
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The MIT team is actively assessing the system's safety, aiming to scale up production for human testing. Post-doc researcher Shriya Srinivasan envisions cost-effective manufacturing, making the device accessible to populations with limited resources, and transforming care and therapy for obesity on a global scale.
MIT engineers designed an ingestible capsule that vibrates within the stomach, creating an illusory sense of fullness and reducing appetite. The pill could offer a minimally invasive, cost-effective way to treat obesity. https://t.co/HA17LAXuVe pic.twitter.com/ZOy0DKGJXB
— Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (@MIT) January 2, 2024
Possible Solution to Obesity Epidemic
The innovative method that MIT's vibrating capsule proposes might serve as a non-invasive alternative to current obesity treatments, such as invasive surgical procedures and pricey medications like GLP-1s. Clinical trials in humans will be crucial to further evaluating safety, optimal administration timing, and frequency, according to MIT News.
GLP-1s, such as Ozempic and Wegovy, have gained popularity for weight management but are hindered by exorbitant costs, largely attributed to pharmaceutical intellectual property laws.
Obesity remains a significant health concern globally, associated with adverse mental health outcomes and increased mortality risks from conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers.
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, healthcare expenses for obesity in the US were almost $173 billion in 2019. Obesity-related absenteeism costs $3.38 billion to $6.38 billion in lost productivity, employee absenteeism, and early mortality. These expenditures include medical bills and productivity losses, showing obesity's economic impact.
The research received funding from the National Institutes of Health, Novo Nordisk, the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT, a Schmidt Science Fellowship, and the National Science Foundation. MIT's innovative vibrating capsule holds promise as a potential game-changer in addressing this multifaceted global health issue.
